This is a list of astronomical related discoveries, events, and more in 1564.
February[]
- February 15: Galileo Galilei is born.
March[]
- March 9: David Fabricius is born.
June[]
- June 28: Cort Aslakssøn is born.
November[]
- November 24: Joseph Gaultier de la Vallette is born.
December[]
- December 25: Nicolaus Mulerius is born.